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Start Maxima with the command "maxima". Maxima will display version
information and a prompt. End each Maxima command with a semicolon.
End the session with the command "quit();
". Here’s a sample session:
$ maxima Maxima 5.45.1 https://maxima.sourceforge.io using Lisp SBCL 2.0.1.debian Distributed under the GNU Public License. See the file COPYING. Dedicated to the memory of William Schelter. The function bug_report() provides bug reporting information. (%i1) factor(10!); 8 4 2 (%o1) 2 3 5 7 (%i2) expand ((x + y)^6); 6 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 6 (%o2) y + 6 x y + 15 x y + 20 x y + 15 x y + 6 x y + x (%i3) factor (x^6 - 1); 2 2 (%o3) (x - 1) (x + 1) (x - x + 1) (x + x + 1) (%i4) quit(); $
Maxima can search the info pages. Use the describe
command to show
information about the command or all the commands and variables containing
a string.
The question mark ?
(exact search) and double question mark ??
(inexact search) are abbreviations for describe
:
(%i1) ?? integ 0: Functions and Variables for Elliptic Integrals 1: Functions and Variables for Integration 2: Introduction to Elliptic Functions and Integrals 3: Introduction to Integration 4: askinteger (Functions and Variables for Simplification) 5: integerp (Functions and Variables for Miscellaneous Options) 6: integer_partitions (Functions and Variables for Sets) 7: integrate (Functions and Variables for Integration) 8: integrate_use_rootsof (Functions and Variables for Integration) 9: integration_constant_counter (Functions and Variables for Integration) 10: nonnegintegerp (Functions and Variables for linearalgebra) Enter space-separated numbers, `all' or `none': 5 4 -- Function: integerp (<expr>) Returns `true' if <expr> is a literal numeric integer, otherwise `false'. `integerp' returns false if its argument is a symbol, even if the argument is declared integer. Examples: (%i1) integerp (0); (%o1) true (%i2) integerp (1); (%o2) true (%i3) integerp (-17); (%o3) true (%i4) integerp (0.0); (%o4) false (%i5) integerp (1.0); (%o5) false (%i6) integerp (%pi); (%o6) false (%i7) integerp (n); (%o7) false (%i8) declare (n, integer); (%o8) done (%i9) integerp (n); (%o9) false -- Function: askinteger (<expr>, integer) -- Function: askinteger (<expr>) -- Function: askinteger (<expr>, even) -- Function: askinteger (<expr>, odd) `askinteger (<expr>, integer)' attempts to determine from the `assume' database whether <expr> is an integer. `askinteger' prompts the user if it cannot tell otherwise, and attempt to install the information in the database if possible. `askinteger (<expr>)' is equivalent to `askinteger (<expr>, integer)'. `askinteger (<expr>, even)' and `askinteger (<expr>, odd)' likewise attempt to determine if <expr> is an even integer or odd integer, respectively. (%o1) true
To use a result in later calculations, you can assign it to a variable or
refer to it by its automatically supplied label. In addition, %
refers to the most recent calculated result:
(%i1) u: expand ((x + y)^6); 6 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 6 (%o1) y + 6 x y + 15 x y + 20 x y + 15 x y + 6 x y + x (%i2) diff (u, x); 5 4 2 3 3 2 4 5 (%o2) 6 y + 30 x y + 60 x y + 60 x y + 30 x y + 6 x (%i3) factor (%o2); 5 (%o3) 6 (y + x)
Maxima knows about complex numbers and numerical constants:
(%i1) cos(%pi); (%o1) - 1 (%i2) exp(%i*%pi); (%o2) - 1
Maxima can do differential and integral calculus:
(%i1) u: expand ((x + y)^6); 6 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 6 (%o1) y + 6 x y + 15 x y + 20 x y + 15 x y + 6 x y + x (%i2) diff (%, x); 5 4 2 3 3 2 4 5 (%o2) 6 y + 30 x y + 60 x y + 60 x y + 30 x y + 6 x (%i3) integrate (1/(1 + x^3), x); 2 x - 1 2 atan(-------) log(x - x + 1) sqrt(3) log(x + 1) (%o3) - --------------- + ------------- + ---------- 6 sqrt(3) 3
Maxima can solve linear systems and cubic equations:
(%i1) linsolve ([3*x + 4*y = 7, 2*x + a*y = 13], [x, y]); 7 a - 52 25 (%o1) [x = --------, y = -------] 3 a - 8 3 a - 8 (%i2) solve (x^3 - 3*x^2 + 5*x = 15, x); (%o2) [x = - sqrt(5) %i, x = sqrt(5) %i, x = 3]
Maxima can solve nonlinear sets of equations. Note that if you don’t want a result printed, you can finish your command with $ instead of ;.
(%i1) eq_1: x^2 + 3*x*y + y^2 = 0$ (%i2) eq_2: 3*x + y = 1$ (%i3) solve ([eq_1, eq_2]); 3 sqrt(5) + 7 sqrt(5) + 3 (%o3) [[y = - -------------, x = -----------], 2 2 3 sqrt(5) - 7 sqrt(5) - 3 [y = -------------, x = - -----------]] 2 2
Maxima can generate plots of one or more functions:
(%i1) plot2d (sin(x)/x, [x, -20, 20])$
(%i2) plot2d ([atan(x), erf(x), tanh(x)], [x, -5, 5], [y, -1.5, 2])$
(%i3) plot3d (sin(sqrt(x^2 + y^2))/sqrt(x^2 + y^2), [x, -12, 12], [y, -12, 12])$
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