Inverts all bits of a signed integer. The result of this action reads
-int - 1.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_not(i); (%o2) bit_not(i)
(%i3) bit_not(bit_not(i)); (%o3) i
(%i4) bit_not(3); (%o4) - 4
(%i5) bit_not(100); (%o5) - 101
(%i6) bit_not(-101); (%o6) 100
This function calculates a bitwise and of two or more signed integers.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_and(i,i); (%o2) i
(%i3) bit_and(i,i,i); (%o3) i
(%i4) bit_and(1,3); (%o4) 1
(%i5) bit_and(-7,7); (%o5) 1
If it is known if one of the parameters to bit_and is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd); (%o2) done
(%i3) bit_and(1,e); (%o3) 0
(%i4) bit_and(1,o); (%o4) 1
This function calculates a bitwise or of two or more signed integers.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_or(i,i); (%o2) i
(%i3) bit_or(i,i,i); (%o3) i
(%i4) bit_or(1,3); (%o4) 3
(%i5) bit_or(-7,7); (%o5) - 1
If it is known if one of the parameters to bit_or is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd); (%o2) done
(%i3) bit_or(1,e); (%o3) e + 1
(%i4) bit_or(1,o); (%o4) o
This function calculates a bitwise or of two or more signed integers.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_xor(i,i); (%o2) 0
(%i3) bit_xor(i,i,i); (%o3) i
(%i4) bit_xor(1,3); (%o4) 2
(%i5) bit_xor(-7,7); (%o5) - 2
If it is known if one of the parameters to bit_xor is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd); (%o2) done
(%i3) bit_xor(1,e); (%o3) e + 1
(%i4) bit_xor(1,o); (%o4) o - 1
This function shifts all bits of the signed integer int to the left by
nBits bits. The width of the integer is extended by nBits for
this process. The result of bit_lsh therefore is int * 2.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_lsh(0,1); (%o2) 0
(%i3) bit_lsh(1,0); (%o3) 1
(%i4) bit_lsh(1,1); (%o4) 2
(%i5) bit_lsh(1,i); (%o5) bit_lsh(1, i)
(%i6) bit_lsh(-3,1); (%o6) - 6
(%i7) bit_lsh(-2,1); (%o7) - 4
This function shifts all bits of the signed integer int to the right by
nBits bits. The width of the integer is reduced by nBits for
this process.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_rsh(0,1); (%o2) 0
(%i3) bit_rsh(2,0); (%o3) 2
(%i4) bit_rsh(2,1); (%o4) 1
(%i5) bit_rsh(2,2); (%o5) 0
(%i6) bit_rsh(-3,1); (%o6) - 2
(%i7) bit_rsh(-2,1); (%o7) - 1
(%i8) bit_rsh(-2,2); (%o8) - 1
determines how many bits a variable needs to be long in order to store the
number int. This function only operates on positive numbers.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_length(0); (%o2) 0
(%i3) bit_length(1); (%o3) 1
(%i4) bit_length(7); (%o4) 3
(%i5) bit_length(8); (%o5) 4
determines if bits nBit is set in the signed integer int.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_onep(85,0); (%o2) true
(%i3) bit_onep(85,1); (%o3) false
(%i4) bit_onep(85,2); (%o4) true
(%i5) bit_onep(85,3); (%o5) false
(%i6) bit_onep(85,100); (%o6) false
(%i7) bit_onep(i,100); (%o7) bit_onep(i, 100)
For signed numbers the sign bit is interpreted to be more than nBit to the
left of the leftmost bit of int that reads 1.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) bit_onep(-2,0); (%o2) false
(%i3) bit_onep(-2,1); (%o3) true
(%i4) bit_onep(-2,2); (%o4) true
(%i5) bit_onep(-2,3); (%o5) true
(%i6) bit_onep(-2,4); (%o6) true
If it is known if the number to be tested is even this information is taken into consideration by the function.
(%i1) load("bitwise")$
(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd); (%o2) done
(%i3) bit_onep(e,0); (%o3) false
(%i4) bit_onep(o,0); (%o4) true