N-th roots of complex numbers?



On 10/1/2013 2:08 AM, John Lapeyre wrote:
>
>
> I see three possible interpretations of this example
>  (are there more ?) :
>
>  1. (-1)^(1/6) means one particular root of z^6=-1
>    (e.g. the principal root). solve gave the
>    correct answer. But perhaps solve should have
>    applied rectform itself.
Not really.  The triple of 3 solutions is well defined for ANY
consistent choice of a particular root.  If you pick one of
the 3 solutions and you care for a particular root to be chosen,
you could choose such a root by providing an isolating box
in the complex plane.  That's what an "analyst" would say.
>
>  2. the meaning of (-1)^(1/6) depends on the context.
>    eg if it appears at the top-level of expressions
>    in a list of three elements, then it means
>    the same root in each case, maybe a specific
>    root. This is obviously problematic.
You don't need 3 elements in a list.  You could have   sqrt(2) + sqrt(2).
If you are allowed to choose any of the square roots, each time, you 
could come
up with zero.

>
>  3. (-1)^(1/6) means any one of the the six roots,
>    or maybe all of them. It's up to the user to
>    decide. In this case, solve gave an incorrect answer
>    and this is a bug in solve.

Let r be a solution to an algebraic equation. The answer is
a function of r.  That's what an algebraist would say, anyway.

RJF