Making the result of INTEGRATE into a function



hi dan,

> ''(F(X)) means evaluate the expression F(X) an extra
> time. ''F(X) means return the verb form of F applied
> to [X].

well, when a noun operator N appears in an expression,
e.g. N(x,y,z), its arguments are evaluated but N (ev(x), ev(y), ev(z))
is not evaluated. in contrast if a verb operator V appears,
you get ev (V (ev(x), ev(y), ev(z))). 

by default most operators are verbs, i.e., they are applied when
mentioned in an expression. if an operator V is a verb by default,
then ' V (x, y, z) makes it act like a noun. if an operator N is a
noun by default, then '' N (x, y, z) makes it act like a verb.

e.g., integrate is a verb by default:
integrate (x, x)  =>  x^2/2
quote mark nounifies it:
' integrate (x, x)  =>  (integral sign)

sin is a noun by default:
sin (1)  =>  sin (1)
quote quote verbifies it:
'' sin (1)  =>   0.8414

> F(x,y) := ''integrate(integrate(f(x,y),x),y);
> 
> F(x,y) := integrate(integrate(f(x,y),x),y);

you are correct, these two are indeed identical.

there's more that can be said but i'll leave it at that for the moment --

all the best & hope this helps,
robert dodier